The private sector has been active in providing water and wastewater infrastructure and operating services around the world for centuries. Over time, different business models to respond to different conditions, cultures and legal systems. This evolution is a continuous process that requires operators to adapt and innovate to meet the needs of citizens and the cities and organisations that employ them. AquaFed’s members operate a wide range of systems, from simple rural systems using low-level technology to very large and sophisticated systems that require high-tech, treatment processes, SMART networks and advanced data management. Our members usually operate under the control of public authorities, through a contract or license. In addition, they are often controlled by a range of regulators that supervise matters such as costs and prices, water quality, health and safety and environmental protection.